How to Clean?

怎么清洁？

When your baby soils a nappy and urine mixes with faeces, you probably know how to clean that. But do you know how to properly clean their genital area?

宝宝拉在尿布里，尿液和粪便混在一起时，你大概知道怎么清理。但你知道如何正确清洁宝宝的生殖部位吗？

Do you teach your child how to clean their own private area as they grow?

你会随着孩子长大，教他们如何清洁自己的私处吗？

Should you pull back the foreskin when cleaning?

清洗时需要翻开包皮吗？

Can children get yeast infections?

孩子会得酵母菌感染吗？

Yeast infections are common. The fungus naturally lives on the skin and in the gut and can spread to the genital area. It is not a sexually transmitted infection.

酵母菌感染很常见。这种真菌本来就存在于皮肤和肠道中，有时会转移到生殖部位。它并不是性传播疾病。

Is helping a child clean their private area considered sexual abuse?

帮孩子清洁私处算不算性侵犯？

The answer depends on context. Hygiene care provided respectfully by caregivers or medical professionals is normal and appropriate. Different cultures and legal systems may have slightly different guidelines.

关键在于情境。由监护人或医护人员出于卫生目的、以尊重的方式协助清洁，是正常且必要的。不同文化和法律对此可能有不同规定

Private Area Hygiene is Important

私处清洁很重要

Many parents feel uncomfortable discussing private parts because they worry it will lead to conversations about sex.

很多父母一提到私处就紧张，担心孩子会联想到性，或者不得不谈性话题

Avoiding the topic, however, can lead to children growing up without proper hygiene habits.

但如果因为害怕而回避，孩子可能长大后仍然缺乏正确的卫生习惯

Private hygiene is about health, not sexuality.

私处清洁是健康问题，而不是性问题

Who Should Help?

谁来照顾？

When children are too young to clean themselves properly, caregivers or healthcare professionals should assist.

当孩子还不会独立清洁时，通常由监护人或医护人员协助

As children grow, gradually teach them to take responsibility for their own hygiene.

随着孩子长大，应逐步教他们自己负责清洁

Cleaning by Anatomy

不同生理结构的清洁方式

We will discuss basic hygiene for children with a penis and scrotum, and children with a vulva.

这里讲常见的阴茎／阴囊，以及外阴的清洁方式

For children with intersex traits, consult a doctor for personalised advice.

对于两性生殖特征的孩子，建议咨询医生获得专业建议

Baby with a Penis and Scrotum

阴茎／阴囊的宝宝

During nappy changes, use alcohol-free baby wipes. When bathing, gently wash with warm water and mild baby wash.

换尿布时使用无酒精婴儿湿巾。洗澡时用温水和温和的婴儿沐浴露轻柔清洗

Do not forcibly retract the foreskin.

不要强行翻开包皮

In infants and young boys, the foreskin is usually not retractable. It protects the glans. Leave it alone until it naturally retracts, which may take years.

婴幼儿时期包皮通常无法翻开，这是正常的保护结构。不要强行处理，等自然可翻开时再教导清洁

When it retracts naturally, teach the child to gently rinse underneath and return the foreskin to its normal position.

当包皮自然可翻开后，再教孩子轻柔冲洗并复位

Circumcised Baby

包皮环切的宝宝

If the baby has been circumcised, follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.

如果宝宝做了包皮环切，请遵循医生的指导

There may be gauze or scabbing during healing. Clean the surrounding area gently and apply ointment as advised.

恢复期间可能有纱布或结痂。按医嘱轻柔清洁并涂抹药膏

Once healed, clean normally with mild baby wash.

愈合后可按正常方式清洁

Baby with a Vulva

外阴的宝宝

Only wash the outer vulva. Do not clean inside the vagina.

只需清洗外阴，也就是外露部分。不需要清洗阴道内部

During nappy changes, wipe from front to back to reduce the risk of infection.

换尿布时从前往后擦拭，避免感染

Some newborn girls may have mild vaginal discharge or slight bleeding in the first week due to hormonal changes. This is normal.

有些女宝宝出生后一周内可能出现少量分泌物或轻微出血，这是正常的荷尔蒙撤退反应

Important Reminders

重要提醒

Avoid scented wipes, perfumed soaps, deodorants, harsh cleaners or bubble baths.

不要使用有香味的湿巾、肥皂、除臭剂、刺激性清洁剂或泡泡浴产品

If your baby plays in bath water, rinse the genital area with clean water afterwards and gently pat dry.

如果孩子在浴盆里玩耍，结束后用清水冲洗生殖部位，并轻轻拍干

If clothing becomes wet with urine or sugary drinks, change and clean promptly.

如果衣物被尿液或含糖饮料弄湿，应及时更换并清洁

Urine and sugary liquids can increase the risk of yeast infections.

尿液和糖分可能增加酵母菌感染风险

Teaching Children

教育孩子

As children grow and can understand simple instructions, teach them in age-appropriate language.

当孩子能理解简单语言时，用适龄的方式教他们

For example:

例如：

“Remember to wash your penis or vulva.”

“记得洗你的小弟弟或小妹妹。”

“If you don’t wash properly, it might feel itchy.”

“如果不洗干净，可能会很痒。”

Help children understand that hygiene keeps their body healthy.

让孩子明白清洁是为了健康。

If you need to assist, explain what you’re doing and ask permission when possible.

如需协助，应说明你在做什么，并尽量征得孩子同意

What About Older Kids?

大孩子怎么办？

Children around five years old who can shower independently can be reminded from outside the bathroom.

五岁左右能独立洗澡的孩子，可以在浴室外提醒

For example:

例如：

“Wash your penis or vulva, then wash your bottom.”

“洗洗你的私处，然后洗屁股。”

As children approach puberty, discuss changes such as erections, menstruation, discharge and nocturnal emissions in a calm and factual way.

接近青春期时，应平静、客观地解释勃起、月经、分泌物和遗精等变化

Explain that these changes are normal and part of growing up.

告诉孩子这些都是正常的成长现象

If a child masturbates, do not shame them. Explain that it is a normal form of self-exploration, but also teach privacy, boundaries and hygiene.

如果孩子自慰，不要羞辱。告诉他们这是正常的探索，同时强调隐私、界限和清洁

Quick Tips

小贴士

Avoid scratching the genital area with fingernails.

避免用指甲抓挠性器官部位

If irritation occurs, use products recommended by a healthcare professional rather than regular soap.

如果出现刺激或红肿，应咨询医生，避免随意使用普通清洁产品

If unsure about any symptoms, consult a GP or child health nurse.

如不确定症状，应咨询家庭医生或儿童健康护士

Healthy hygiene habits start early. When handled calmly and respectfully, teaching private care builds confidence rather than shame.

私处清洁习惯应从小培养。只要方式平静、尊重，教育私处卫生建立的是自信，而不是羞耻